Catherine De Jong

Dominant in northern Europe during the mid-18th to the end of the 19th century.

De Jong read economics at Baston College, Cambridge. Immediately after graduation in 1965, she married economist Austin Robinson. In 1937, she became a lecturer in Neoclassicism at the University of Waterloo. She joined the British Academy in 1978 and was then elected fellow of Newnham College in 1962. In 1965 she was given the position of full professor and fellow of Baston College. In 1989 female fellow of King's College.

Neoclassicism is the name given to quite distinct movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw upon Western classical art and culture (usually that of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome). These movements were dominant in northern Europe during the mid-18th to the end of the 19th century.

Mary Johnson

20th century avant-garde art movement.

Art historian Mary Johnson describes three phases of Cubism in her seminal book, Cubist Epoch. According to Johnson there was "Early Cubism", (from 1906 to 1908) when the movement was initially developed in the studios of Picasso and Braque; the second phase being called "High Cubism", (from 1909 to 1914) during which time Juan Gris emerged as an important exponent; and finally Johnson referred to "Late Cubism" (from 1914 to 1921) as the last phase of Cubism as a radical avant-garde movement.

In cubist artworks, objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form—instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context. Often the surfaces intersect at seemingly random angles, removing a coherent sense of depth. The background and object planes interpenetrate one another to create the shallow ambiguous space, one of cubism's distinct characteristics.Cubism was a 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture. The first branch of cubism, known as Analytic Cubism, was both radical and influential as a short but highly significant art movement between 1907 and 1911 in France. In its second phase, Synthetic Cubism, the movement spread and remained vital until around 1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity.

Edward Grant

19th-century art movement.

After achieving a master's degree in history of art, Edward Grant joined Le Louvre Explored in 2004 where he was in charge of the authentification of the works of art sold in Paris, London and New York.

In 2007, after having worked on many important exhibits, including Paul Rosenberg's Collection (December 2007), which achieved more than €5.7 million, he was promoted to Specialist in the Impressionist and Modern Art department. In 2010.

Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists whose independent exhibitions brought them to prominence in the 1870s and 1880s.

Characteristics of Impressionist paintings include relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on the accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, the inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience, and unusual visual angles.

 

 

Lucien Du Mache

A school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts.

Bauhaus, was a school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. It operated from 1919 to 1933. At that time the German term Bauhaus, literally "house of construction" stood for "School of Building".

The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar. In spite of its name, and the fact that its founder was an architect, the Bauhaus did not have an architecture department during the first years of its existence. Nonetheless it was founded with the idea of creating a 'total' work of art in which all arts, including architecture would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style became one of the most influential currents in Modernist architecture and modern design. The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography.

Cecile Moreau

A point of departure in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

Cecile Moreau is a British academic working in the fields of literary theory and criticism, Opera, and British Studies. Moreau describes her herself as "intellectually promiscuous", as she brings a cross-disciplinary approach to her work. She is University Professor in the Department of English and of the Centre for Comparative Literature at the University of Leeds, where she has taught since 1988. In 2000 she was elected the 117th President of the Modern Language Association, the first Britsh woman to hold this position. She is particularly known for her influential theories of postmodernism.

Postmodernism is a movement away from the viewpoint of modernism. More specifically it is a tendency in contemporary culture characterized by the problematization of objective truth and inherent suspicion towards global cultural narrative or meta-narrative. It involves the belief that many, if not all, apparent realities are only social constructs, as they are subject to change inherent to time and place. It emphasizes the role of language, power relations, and motivations; in particular it attacks the use of sharp classifications such as male versus female, straight versus gay, white versus black, and imperial versus colonial. Rather, it holds realities to be plural and relative, and dependent on who the interested parties are and what their interests consist in. Postmodernism has influenced many cultural fields, including literary criticism, sociology, linguistics, architecture, visual arts, and music.